History of Dehradun

A journey through time

Overview

Dehradun's history stretches back thousands of years, with references in the Mahabharata and Ramayana epics. The name is believed to derive from Dera (camp) of Guru Ram Rai, or from Dron (Dronacharya) and Dun (valley). The Doon Valley has been ruled by various dynasties including the Garhwal kings, the Gurkhas, and the British. It became the capital of the newly formed state of Uttarakhand in 2000.

Historical Names

Doon ValleyDrona NagariDera Dun

Ruling Dynasties

Garhwal KingsGorkhas (1803-1815)British Raj (1815-1947)

Historical Timeline

Mythological

Dronacharya, the guru of Pandavas and Kauravas, is said to have meditated in this valley

1368

Timur's armies pass through the Doon Valley on their march to Delhi

1676

Guru Ram Rai, son of the 7th Sikh Guru, arrives and establishes his Dera (camp) in Dehradun

1699

Dehradun city is formally established around Guru Ram Rai's Darbar

1803

Gorkha invasion of the Doon Valley; Gorkha rule begins

1815

British defeat the Gorkhas and annex the Doon Valley after the Anglo-Nepalese War

1823

Survey of India headquarters established in Dehradun

1878

Forest Research Institute established, later becoming a major centre of forestry research in Asia

1932

Indian Military Academy (IMA) established at Clement Town

1935

The Doon School established, becoming one of India's premier educational institutions

1947

India gains independence; Dehradun becomes part of Uttar Pradesh

1965

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) headquarters established in Dehradun

2000

Uttarakhand (then Uttaranchal) is carved out of Uttar Pradesh on 9 November; Dehradun becomes the interim state capital

2007

State renamed from Uttaranchal to Uttarakhand; Dehradun confirmed as the permanent capital